Analyzing India's coal, natural gas, and biomass energy consumption: Evidence from a Fourier technique to promote sustainable development

Eweade B. S., Joof F., Sunday Adebayo T.

Natural Resources Forum, vol.49, no.2, pp.1238-1256, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, SSCI, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 49 Issue: 2
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1111/1477-8947.12423
  • Journal Name: Natural Resources Forum
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, Environment Index, Geobase, Greenfile, Public Affairs Index
  • Page Numbers: pp.1238-1256
  • Keywords: Biomass energy consumption, Coal consumption, Economic Growth, Fourier ARDL technique, India, Natural gas consumption
  • Open Archive Collection: Article
  • Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Inalignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs),which pinpoint vital aspects such as SDG-7 and SDG-8, this study delves intothe impact of biomass energy on economic growth in the Indian context. It alsoconsiders the roles of fossil fuels, specifically natural gas and coal. Toaccomplish this, a comprehensive analysis is initiated, making use of annualdata spanning from 1975 to 2022. A unique Fourier ARDL test serves as a centralanalytical tool alongside the Fourier Toda Yamamoto test. The empirical resultsunveil the presence of co-integration among the variables scrutinized. Moreover,it becomes evident that coal and biomass make positive contributions toeconomic growth, whereas natural gas appears to exert a negative influence oneconomic growth. To validate these findings, a Fourier-based Toda-Yamamoto testis applied, demonstrating that natural gas, coal, and biomass possesspredictive capabilities concerning economic growth. These discoveries carrysubstantial implications for comprehending the factors influencing economicgrowth in India.