Electric bus selection using a q-rung orthopair fuzzy SPC-CRADIS decision framework
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS, vol.332, 2027 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 332
- Publication Date: 2027
- Doi Number: 10.1016/j.eswa.2026.133594
- Journal Name: EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Compendex, INSPEC, Public Affairs Index, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Urban bus electrification is a complex multi-criteria decision under deep uncertainty. We integrate Symmetry Point of Criterion (SPC) and weighting with Compromise Ranking of Alternatives from Distance to Ideal Solution (CRADIS) within a q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) environment and introduce a dual-aggregation scheme that linearly combines q-ROFWFA and q-ROFEWA via a tuneable parameter lambda to mitigate aggregation bias. We further establish theoretical properties (boundary, monotonicity, idempotency) and show that the Lance distance-based CRADIS-L yields scale-invariant ranking and formal resistance to rank reversal. On a real Istanbul case, the unit energy cost emerges as the dominant criterion (0.2975), and AB Volvo 7900 ranks first overall; extensive ablation, robustness, and statistical significance tests confirm stability and rank-order reliability. Beyond offering a reproducible decision pipeline with Bayesian fusion of user-centric and technical attributes, our framework generalizes to IFS/PyFS/FFS in the limit q -> {1,2,3} and to single-operator cases when lambda -> {0,1}.