Capacitive deionization mechanism and multiple properties of low-temperature etched porous carbon fabric with abundant surface defects

Xiang M., Wang N., Sun L., He L., Zhong L., Imanova G., ...More

SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol.354, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 354
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.128667
  • Journal Name: SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) Affiliated: No

Abstract

A modified carbon fabric (BNPCF) co-doped with B, N and P, which is abundant in nanopores and surface defects, was prepared at low temperatures using a gentle surface modification method. The BNPCF was used directly as the electrodes for a capacitive deionization (CDI) device, which combines conductivity and ion storage, eliminating the need for a collector like a titanium plate. Among the symmetrical supercapacitors (SSCs) constructed with porous CF electrodes doped with different heteroatoms, the BNPCF showed the most favorable electrochemical performance. It is noteworthy that at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 in a NaCl electrolyte, the area capacitance reached 1468 mF cm-2. Furthermore, at a current density of 20 mA cm-2, the capacitance retention of the device reached 93 % after 20,000 cycles. The enhanced performance of the porous CF was further corroborated by theoretical calculations. The BNPCF-based CDI device possessed a high volumetric adsorption capacity (VAC) of 8.44 mg cm-3 and a rapid volumetric adsorption rate (VAR) of 0.56 mg cm-3 s- 1. Moreover, the BNPCF-based CDI demonstrated high adsorption capacity for heavy metals, with VAC values of 4.16 and 6.98 mg cm-3 for Cd2+ and Cr3+ ions, respectively. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to create BNPCF electrodes, which have high-performance, low-cost and self-supporting characteristics for industrial capacitive desalination equipment.