Analyzing the synergies between green energy, green technology, and environmental sustainability in China: Novel insights from time-varying quantile approaches


Butt S., Ramzan M., Chohan M. A., Murtaza N., Adebayo T. S.

Gondwana Research, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.gr.2025.08.017
  • Journal Name: Gondwana Research
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Geobase, INSPEC
  • Keywords: Environmental sustainability, Geopolitical risk, Green technology, Renewable energy, Time-varying quantile regression
  • Open Archive Collection: Article
  • Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) Affiliated: No

Abstract

In the face of mounting environmental challenges and emerging geopolitical dynamics, the Paris Agreement and COP28 have underscored the urgent need for clean energy transition and environmental preservation. As sustainability becomes increasingly crucial in shaping the world's future, there is a pressing need for an inclusive policy framework to advance sustainable energy initiatives and strengthen ecological preservation efforts. Thus, we investigate the dynamic time-varying connectedness between the load capacity factor (LCF) in China and key associated variables. These variables include renewable energy consumption (REC), green technology (GT), Economic Freedom (EF), Financial Development (FD), and Geopolitical Risk (GPR) from 1990 to 2022, conducting a thorough investigation of their interdependencies. The results of time-varying quantile regression and rolling window-based nonparametric quantile causality tests reveal the substantial effects of these factors across time and quantile quantile-varying effects on environmental sustainability. Particularly in times of global crisis, GPR has a significant influence, while GT and the use of REC sources constantly increase efficiency, especially during policy-driven periods. Based on the findings, we have formulated a comprehensive policy framework aimed at enhancing ecological quality through stable international relations, increasing investment in renewable energy, and promoting economic liberalization in energy efficiency-related industries.